Migrate to .NET 9 (#198)

COMPILING.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ If you wish to build the emulator yourself, follow these steps:
 
 ### Step 1
 
-Install the [.NET 8.0 (or higher) SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet/8.0).
+Install the [.NET 9.0 (or higher) SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet/9.0).
 Make sure your SDK version is higher or equal to the required version specified in [global.json](global.json).
 
 ### Step 2

Directory.Build.props

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<Project>
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net9.0</TargetFramework>
+    <LangVersion>latest</LangVersion>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+</Project>

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="SkiaSharp" Version="2.88.7" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SkiaSharp.NativeAssets.Linux" Version="2.88.7" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SPB" Version="0.0.4-build32" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.IO.Hashing" Version="8.0.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.Management" Version="8.0.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="System.IO.Hashing" Version="9.0.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="System.Management" Version="9.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="UnicornEngine.Unicorn" Version="2.0.2-rc1-fb78016" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

global.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "sdk": {
-    "version": "8.0.100",
+    "version": "9.0.100",
     "rollForward": "latestFeature"
   }
 }

src/ARMeilleure/ARMeilleure.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/ARMeilleure/Decoders/DecoderHelper.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using ARMeilleure.Common;
+using System;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
 {
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
             return (((long)opCode << 45) >> 48) & ~3;
         }
 
-        public static bool VectorArgumentsInvalid(bool q, params int[] args)
+        public static bool VectorArgumentsInvalid(bool q, params ReadOnlySpan<int> args)
         {
             if (q)
             {

src/ARMeilleure/Instructions/SoftFallback.cs

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
             return TblOrTbx(dest, vector, bytes, tb0, tb1, tb2, tb3);
         }
 
-        private static V128 TblOrTbx(V128 dest, V128 vector, int bytes, params V128[] tb)
+        private static V128 TblOrTbx(V128 dest, V128 vector, int bytes, params ReadOnlySpan<V128> tb)
         {
             byte[] res = new byte[16];
 

src/ARMeilleure/IntermediateRepresentation/Operation.cs

@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation
                 return result;
             }
 
-            public static Operation Operation(Intrinsic intrin, Operand dest, params Operand[] srcs)
+            public static Operation Operation(Intrinsic intrin, Operand dest, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> srcs)
             {
                 Operation result = Make(Instruction.Extended, 0, srcs.Length);
 

src/ARMeilleure/Translation/Cache/JitCache.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.Cache
 {
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.Cache
 
         private static readonly List<CacheEntry> _cacheEntries = new();
 
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private static bool _initialized;
 
         [SupportedOSPlatform("windows")]

src/ARMeilleure/Translation/EmitterContext.cs

@@ -559,27 +559,27 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
             return dest;
         }
 
-        public Operand AddIntrinsic(Intrinsic intrin, params Operand[] args)
+        public Operand AddIntrinsic(Intrinsic intrin, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> args)
         {
             return Add(intrin, Local(OperandType.V128), args);
         }
 
-        public Operand AddIntrinsicInt(Intrinsic intrin, params Operand[] args)
+        public Operand AddIntrinsicInt(Intrinsic intrin, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> args)
         {
             return Add(intrin, Local(OperandType.I32), args);
         }
 
-        public Operand AddIntrinsicLong(Intrinsic intrin, params Operand[] args)
+        public Operand AddIntrinsicLong(Intrinsic intrin, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> args)
         {
             return Add(intrin, Local(OperandType.I64), args);
         }
 
-        public void AddIntrinsicNoRet(Intrinsic intrin, params Operand[] args)
+        public void AddIntrinsicNoRet(Intrinsic intrin, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> args)
         {
             Add(intrin, default, args);
         }
 
-        private Operand Add(Intrinsic intrin, Operand dest, params Operand[] sources)
+        private Operand Add(Intrinsic intrin, Operand dest, params ReadOnlySpan<Operand> sources)
         {
             NewNextBlockIfNeeded();
 

src/ARMeilleure/Translation/PTC/Ptc.cs

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
 
         private readonly ManualResetEvent _waitEvent;
 
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private bool _disposed;
 
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
 
             _waitEvent = new ManualResetEvent(true);
 
-            _lock = new object();
-
             _disposed = false;
 
             TitleIdText = TitleIdTextDefault;

src/ARMeilleure/Translation/PTC/PtcProfiler.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
 
         private readonly ManualResetEvent _waitEvent;
 
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private bool _disposed;
 
@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
 
             _waitEvent = new ManualResetEvent(true);
 
-            _lock = new object();
-
             _disposed = false;
 
             ProfiledFuncs = new Dictionary<ulong, FuncProfile>();

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL/OpenALHardwareDeviceSession.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
 {
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
         private ulong _playedSampleCount;
         private float _volume;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public OpenALHardwareDeviceSession(OpenALHardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
         {

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <RuntimeIdentifiers>win-x64;osx-x64;linux-x64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>

src/Ryujinx.Audio/AudioManager.cs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio
         /// <summary>
         /// Lock used to control the waiters registration.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Events signaled when the driver played audio buffers.

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Backends/Common/DynamicRingBuffer.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Buffers;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Common
 {
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Common
     {
         private const int RingBufferAlignment = 2048;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private MemoryOwner<byte> _bufferOwner;
         private Memory<byte> _buffer;

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Input/AudioInputManager.cs

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
     /// </summary>
     public class AudioInputManager : IDisposable
     {
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Lock used for session allocation.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _sessionLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _sessionLock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The session ids allocation table.

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Input/AudioInputSystem.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
         /// <summary>
         /// The lock of the parent.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _parentLock;
+        private readonly Lock _parentLock;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The dispose state.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
         /// <param name="parentLock">The lock of the manager</param>
         /// <param name="deviceSession">The hardware device session</param>
         /// <param name="bufferEvent">The buffer release event of the audio input</param>
-        public AudioInputSystem(AudioInputManager manager, object parentLock, IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession, IWritableEvent bufferEvent)
+        public AudioInputSystem(AudioInputManager manager, Lock parentLock, IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession, IWritableEvent bufferEvent)
         {
             _manager = manager;
             _parentLock = parentLock;

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Output/AudioOutputManager.cs

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
     /// </summary>
     public class AudioOutputManager : IDisposable
     {
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Lock used for session allocation.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _sessionLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _sessionLock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The session ids allocation table.

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Output/AudioOutputSystem.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
         /// <summary>
         /// THe lock of the parent.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _parentLock;
+        private readonly Lock _parentLock;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The dispose state.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
         /// <param name="parentLock">The lock of the manager</param>
         /// <param name="deviceSession">The hardware device session</param>
         /// <param name="bufferEvent">The buffer release event of the audio output</param>
-        public AudioOutputSystem(AudioOutputManager manager, object parentLock, IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession, IWritableEvent bufferEvent)
+        public AudioOutputSystem(AudioOutputManager manager, Lock parentLock, IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession, IWritableEvent bufferEvent)
         {
             _manager = manager;
             _parentLock = parentLock;

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Server/AudioRenderSystem.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
 {
     public class AudioRenderSystem : IDisposable
     {
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private AudioRendererRenderingDevice _renderingDevice;
         private AudioRendererExecutionMode _executionMode;

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Server/AudioRendererManager.cs

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
         /// <summary>
         /// Lock used for session allocation.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _sessionLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _sessionLock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Lock used to control the <see cref="AudioProcessor"/> running state.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _audioProcessorLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _audioProcessorLock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The session ids allocation table.

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Server/Upsampler/UpsamplerManager.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server.Upsampler
 {
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server.Upsampler
         /// <summary>
         /// Global lock of the object.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The upsamplers instances.

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Ryujinx.Audio.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Common/PreciseSleep/NanosleepPool.cs

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.PreciseSleep
             }
         }
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private readonly List<NanosleepThread> _threads = new();
         private readonly List<NanosleepThread> _active = new();
         private readonly Stack<NanosleepThread> _free = new();

src/Ryujinx.Common/PreciseSleep/WindowsGranularTimer.cs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop
         private long _lastTicks = PerformanceCounter.ElapsedTicks;
         private long _lastId;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private readonly List<WaitingObject> _waitingObjects = new();
 
         private WindowsGranularTimer()

src/Ryujinx.Common/Ryujinx.Common.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefineConstants Condition=" '$(ExtraDefineConstants)' != '' ">$(DefineConstants);$(ExtraDefineConstants)</DefineConstants>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvVm.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
 {
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
 
         private static int _addressSpaces;
         private static HvIpaAllocator _ipaAllocator;
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public static (ulong, HvIpaAllocator) CreateAddressSpace(MemoryBlock block)
         {

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/Arm32/Target/Arm64/InstEmitSystem.cs

@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm32.Target.Arm64
             bool skipContext,
             int spillBaseOffset,
             int? resultRegister,
-            params ulong[] callArgs)
+            params ReadOnlySpan<ulong> callArgs)
         {
             uint resultMask = 0u;
 

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/Arm64/Target/Arm64/InstEmitSystem.cs

@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm64.Target.Arm64
             nint funcPtr,
             int spillBaseOffset,
             int? resultRegister,
-            params ulong[] callArgs)
+            params ReadOnlySpan<ulong> callArgs)
         {
             uint resultMask = 0u;
 

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/Cache/JitCache.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Cache
 {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Cache
 
         private static readonly List<CacheEntry> _cacheEntries = new();
 
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private static bool _initialized;
 
         [SupportedOSPlatform("windows")]

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/Cache/NoWxCache.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Cache
 {
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Cache
         private readonly MemoryCache _sharedCache;
         private readonly MemoryCache _localCache;
         private readonly PageAlignedRangeList _pendingMap;
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         class ThreadLocalCacheEntry
         {
@@ -137,7 +138,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Cache
             _sharedCache = new(allocator, SharedCacheSize);
             _localCache = new(allocator, LocalCacheSize);
             _pendingMap = new(_sharedCache.ReprotectAsRx, RegisterFunction);
-            _lock = new();
         }
 
         public unsafe nint Map(nint framePointer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> code, ulong guestAddress, ulong guestSize)

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Ryujinx.Cpu.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Signal/NativeSignalHandler.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Signal
 {
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Signal
 
         private static MemoryBlock _codeBlock;
 
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private static bool _initialized;
 
         static NativeSignalHandler()

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/ThreadedRenderer.cs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
         public uint ProgramCount { get; set; } = 0;
 
         private Action _interruptAction;
-        private readonly object _interruptLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _interruptLock = new();
 
         public event EventHandler<ScreenCaptureImageInfo> ScreenCaptured;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureCache.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture;
 using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
@@ -998,7 +999,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
                     {
                         bool dataOverlaps = texture.DataOverlaps(overlap, compatibility);
 
-                        if (!overlap.IsView && dataOverlaps && !incompatibleOverlaps.Exists(incompatible => incompatible.Group == overlap.Group))
+                        if (!overlap.IsView && dataOverlaps && !incompatibleOverlaps.Any(incompatible => incompatible.Group == overlap.Group))
                         {
                             incompatibleOverlaps.Add(new TextureIncompatibleOverlap(overlap.Group, compatibility));
                         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureGroup.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
 using Ryujinx.Memory.Tracking;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
@@ -1555,7 +1556,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
         /// <param name="copy">True if the overlap should register copy dependencies</param>
         public void RegisterIncompatibleOverlap(TextureIncompatibleOverlap other, bool copy)
         {
-            if (!_incompatibleOverlaps.Exists(overlap => overlap.Group == other.Group))
+            if (!_incompatibleOverlaps.Any(overlap => overlap.Group == other.Group))
             {
                 if (copy && other.Compatibility == TextureViewCompatibility.LayoutIncompatible)
                 {
@@ -1701,3 +1702,4 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
         }
     }
 }
+

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TexturePool.cs

@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
         /// <param name="format">The format of the texture</param>
         /// <param name="components">The texture swizzle components</param>
         /// <returns>The depth-stencil mode</returns>
-        private static DepthStencilMode GetDepthStencilMode(Format format, params SwizzleComponent[] components)
+        private static DepthStencilMode GetDepthStencilMode(Format format, params ReadOnlySpan<SwizzleComponent> components)
         {
             // R = Depth, G = Stencil.
             // On 24-bits depth formats, this is inverted (Stencil is R etc).

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferModifiedRangeList.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common.Pools;
 using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 {
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private BufferMigration _source;
         private BufferModifiedRangeList _migrationTarget;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Whether the modified range list has any entries or not.

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Queries/CounterQueue.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Queries
         private ulong _accumulatedCounter;
         private int _waiterCount;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private readonly Queue<BufferedQuery> _queryPool;
         private readonly AutoResetEvent _queuedEvent = new(false);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Queries/CounterQueueEvent.cs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Queries
         private bool _hostAccessReserved = false;
         private int _refCount = 1; // Starts with a reference from the counter queue.
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private ulong _result = ulong.MaxValue;
         private double _divisor = 1f;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/ResourcePool.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
 {
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
     {
         private const int DisposedLiveFrames = 2;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private readonly Dictionary<TextureCreateInfo, List<DisposedTexture>> _textures = new();
 
         /// <summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.StructuredIr;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 using static Spv.Specification;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
@@ -19,13 +20,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
         private const int GeneratorPoolCount = 1;
         private static readonly ObjectPool<SpvInstructionPool> _instructionPool;
         private static readonly ObjectPool<SpvLiteralIntegerPool> _integerPool;
-        private static readonly object _poolLock;
+        private static readonly Lock _poolLock = new();
 
         static SpirvGenerator()
         {
             _instructionPool = new(() => new SpvInstructionPool(), GeneratorPoolCount);
             _integerPool = new(() => new SpvLiteralIntegerPool(), GeneratorPoolCount);
-            _poolLock = new object();
         }
 
         private const HelperFunctionsMask NeedsInvocationIdMask = HelperFunctionsMask.SwizzleAdd;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.csproj

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Video/Ryujinx.Graphics.Video.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BackgroundResources.cs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             {
                 bool useBackground = _gd.BackgroundQueue.Handle != 0 && _gd.Vendor != Vendor.Amd;
                 Queue queue = useBackground ? _gd.BackgroundQueue : _gd.Queue;
-                object queueLock = useBackground ? _gd.BackgroundQueueLock : _gd.QueueLock;
+                Lock queueLock = useBackground ? _gd.BackgroundQueueLock : _gd.QueueLock;
 
                 lock (queueLock)
                 {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/CommandBufferPool.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly Vk _api;
         private readonly Device _device;
         private readonly Queue _queue;
-        private readonly object _queueLock;
+        private readonly Lock _queueLock;
         private readonly bool _concurrentFenceWaitUnsupported;
         private readonly CommandPool _pool;
         private readonly Thread _owner;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Vk api,
             Device device,
             Queue queue,
-            object queueLock,
+            Lock queueLock,
             uint queueFamilyIndex,
             bool concurrentFenceWaitUnsupported,
             bool isLight = false)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/FormatCapabilities.cs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _optimalTable = new FormatFeatureFlags[totalFormats];
         }
 
-        public bool BufferFormatsSupport(FormatFeatureFlags flags, params Format[] formats)
+        public bool BufferFormatsSupport(FormatFeatureFlags flags, params ReadOnlySpan<Format> formats)
         {
             foreach (Format format in formats)
             {
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return true;
         }
 
-        public bool OptimalFormatsSupport(FormatFeatureFlags flags, params Format[] formats)
+        public bool OptimalFormatsSupport(FormatFeatureFlags flags, params ReadOnlySpan<Format> formats)
         {
             foreach (Format format in formats)
             {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HostMemoryAllocator.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly Vk _api;
         private readonly ExtExternalMemoryHost _hostMemoryApi;
         private readonly Device _device;
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private readonly List<HostMemoryAllocation> _allocations;
         private readonly IntervalTree<ulong, HostMemoryAllocation> _allocationTree;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Queries/CounterQueue.cs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Queries
         private ulong _accumulatedCounter;
         private int _waiterCount;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private readonly Queue<BufferedQuery> _queryPool;
         private readonly AutoResetEvent _queuedEvent = new(false);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Queries/CounterQueueEvent.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Queries
         private bool _hostAccessReserved;
         private int _refCount = 1; // Starts with a reference from the counter queue.
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private ulong _result = ulong.MaxValue;
         private double _divisor = 1f;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Shader.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using shaderc;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
     {
         // The shaderc.net dependency's Options constructor and dispose are not thread safe.
         // Take this lock when using them.
-        private static readonly object _shaderOptionsLock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _shaderOptionsLock = new();
 
         private static readonly nint _ptrMainEntryPointName = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi("main");
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ using Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 using Format = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Format;
 using PrimitiveTopology = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.PrimitiveTopology;
 using SamplerCreateInfo = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.SamplerCreateInfo;
@@ -45,8 +46,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         internal uint QueueFamilyIndex { get; private set; }
         internal Queue Queue { get; private set; }
         internal Queue BackgroundQueue { get; private set; }
-        internal object BackgroundQueueLock { get; private set; }
-        internal object QueueLock { get; private set; }
+        internal Lock BackgroundQueueLock { get; private set; }
+        internal Lock QueueLock { get; private set; }
 
         internal MemoryAllocator MemoryAllocator { get; private set; }
         internal HostMemoryAllocator HostMemoryAllocator { get; private set; }
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             {
                 Api.GetDeviceQueue(_device, queueFamilyIndex, 1, out var backgroundQueue);
                 BackgroundQueue = backgroundQueue;
-                BackgroundQueueLock = new object();
+                BackgroundQueueLock = new();
             }
 
             PhysicalDeviceProperties2 properties2 = new()
@@ -496,7 +497,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             Api.GetDeviceQueue(_device, queueFamilyIndex, 0, out var queue);
             Queue = queue;
-            QueueLock = new object();
+            QueueLock = new();
 
             LoadFeatures(maxQueueCount, queueFamilyIndex);
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/FileSystem/ContentManager.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ using System.IO.Compression;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading;
 using Path = System.IO.Path;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
 
         private readonly VirtualFileSystem _virtualFileSystem;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public ContentManager(VirtualFileSystem virtualFileSystem)
         {
@@ -396,7 +397,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
             if (locationList != null)
             {
                 LocationEntry entry =
-                    locationList.ToList().Find(x => x.TitleId == titleId && x.ContentType == contentType);
+                    locationList.ToList().FirstOrDefault(x => x.TitleId == titleId && x.ContentType == contentType);
 
                 if (entry.ContentPath != null)
                 {
@@ -424,7 +425,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
         {
             LinkedList<LocationEntry> locationList = _locationEntries[storageId];
 
-            return locationList.ToList().Find(x => x.TitleId == titleId && x.ContentType == contentType);
+            return locationList.ToList().FirstOrDefault(x => x.TitleId == titleId && x.ContentType == contentType);
         }
 
         public void InstallFirmware(string firmwareSource)
@@ -719,7 +720,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
 
                 if (updateNcas.TryGetValue(SystemUpdateTitleId, out var ncaEntry))
                 {
-                    string metaPath = ncaEntry.Find(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                    string metaPath = ncaEntry.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
 
                     CnmtContentMetaEntry[] metaEntries = null;
 
@@ -755,7 +756,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
 
                     if (updateNcas.TryGetValue(SystemVersionTitleId, out var updateNcasItem))
                     {
-                        string versionEntry = updateNcasItem.Find(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                        string versionEntry = updateNcasItem.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
 
                         using Stream ncaStream = GetZipStream(archive.GetEntry(versionEntry));
                         Nca nca = new(_virtualFileSystem.KeySet, ncaStream.AsStorage());
@@ -774,9 +775,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
                     {
                         if (updateNcas.TryGetValue(metaEntry.TitleId, out ncaEntry))
                         {
-                            metaPath = ncaEntry.Find(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                            metaPath = ncaEntry.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
 
-                            string contentPath = ncaEntry.Find(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                            string contentPath = ncaEntry.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
 
                             // Nintendo in 9.0.0, removed PPC and only kept the meta nca of it.
                             // This is a perfect valid case, so we should just ignore the missing content nca and continue.
@@ -915,8 +916,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
                 {
                     if (updateNcas.TryGetValue(metaEntry.TitleId, out var ncaEntry))
                     {
-                        string metaNcaPath = ncaEntry.Find(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
-                        string contentPath = ncaEntry.Find(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                        string metaNcaPath = ncaEntry.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type == NcaContentType.Meta).path;
+                        string contentPath = ncaEntry.FirstOrDefault(x => x.type != NcaContentType.Meta).path;
 
                         // Nintendo in 9.0.0, removed PPC and only kept the meta nca of it.
                         // This is a perfect valid case, so we should just ignore the missing content nca and continue.

src/Ryujinx.HLE/FileSystem/ContentMetaData.cs

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                string ncaId = BitConverter.ToString(entry.NcaId).Replace("-", null).ToLower();
+                string ncaId = Convert.ToHexStringLower(entry.NcaId).Replace("-", null);
                 Nca nca = _pfs.GetNca(keySet, $"/{ncaId}.nca");
 
                 if (nca.GetProgramIndex() == programIndex)

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Applets/SoftwareKeyboard/SoftwareKeyboardApplet.cs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Text;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets
 {
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets
         private bool _canAcceptController = false;
         private KeyboardInputMode _inputMode = KeyboardInputMode.ControllerAndKeyboard;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public event EventHandler AppletStateChanged;
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Applets/SoftwareKeyboard/SoftwareKeyboardRendererBase.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets.SoftwareKeyboard
 {
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets.SoftwareKeyboard
         const string CancelText = "Cancel";
         const string ControllerToggleText = "Toggle input";
 
-        private readonly object _bufferLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _bufferLock = new();
 
         private RenderingSurfaceInfo _surfaceInfo = null;
         private SKImageInfo _imageInfo;

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Applets/SoftwareKeyboard/TimedAction.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets.SoftwareKeyboard
 
         private TRef<bool> _cancelled = null;
         private Thread _thread = null;
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public bool IsRunning
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Common/KResourceLimit.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
 {
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
         private readonly long[] _current2;
         private readonly long[] _peak;
 
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly object _lock = new();
 
         private readonly LinkedList<KThread> _waitingThreads;
 
@@ -27,8 +28,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
             _current2 = new long[(int)LimitableResource.Count];
             _peak = new long[(int)LimitableResource.Count];
 
-            _lock = new object();
-
             _waitingThreads = new LinkedList<KThread>();
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Memory/KCodeMemory.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Process;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Memory
 {
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Memory
     {
         public KProcess Owner { get; private set; }
         private readonly KPageList _pageList;
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
         private ulong _address;
         private bool _isOwnerMapped;
         private bool _isMapped;
@@ -19,7 +20,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Memory
         public KCodeMemory(KernelContext context) : base(context)
         {
             _pageList = new KPageList();
-            _lock = new object();
         }
 
         public Result Initialize(ulong address, ulong size)

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Process/KProcess.cs

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Process
 
         public ProcessState State { get; private set; }
 
-        private readonly object _processLock = new();
-        private readonly object _threadingLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _processLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _threadingLock = new();
 
         public KAddressArbiter AddressArbiter { get; private set; }
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Threading/KAddressArbiter.cs

@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading
 
             WakeThreads(_condVarThreads, count, TryAcquireMutex, x => x.CondVarAddress == address);
 
-            if (!_condVarThreads.Exists(x => x.CondVarAddress == address))
+            if (!_condVarThreads.Any(x => x.CondVarAddress == address))
             {
                 KernelTransfer.KernelToUser(address, 0);
             }

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Threading/KCriticalSection.cs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading
     class KCriticalSection
     {
         private readonly KernelContext _context;
-        private readonly object _lock;
+        private readonly object _lock = new();
         private int _recursionCount;
 
         public object Lock => _lock;
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading
         public KCriticalSection(KernelContext context)
         {
             _context = context;
-            _lock = new object();
         }
 
         public void Enter()

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Threading/KThread.cs

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading
 
         public bool WaitingInArbitration { get; set; }
 
-        private readonly object _activityOperationLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _activityOperationLock = new();
 
         public KThread(KernelContext context) : base(context)
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/ModLoader.cs

@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
 
                 if (StrEquals(RomfsDir, modDir.Name))
                 {
-                    var modData = modMetadata.Mods.Find(x => modDir.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
+                    var modData = modMetadata.Mods.FirstOrDefault(x => modDir.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
                     var enabled = modData?.Enabled ?? true;
 
                     mods.RomfsDirs.Add(mod = new Mod<DirectoryInfo>(dir.Name, modDir, enabled));
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
                 }
                 else if (StrEquals(ExefsDir, modDir.Name))
                 {
-                    var modData = modMetadata.Mods.Find(x => modDir.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
+                    var modData = modMetadata.Mods.FirstOrDefault(x => modDir.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
                     var enabled = modData?.Enabled ?? true;
 
                     mods.ExefsDirs.Add(mod = new Mod<DirectoryInfo>(dir.Name, modDir, enabled));
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             var fsFile = new FileInfo(Path.Combine(applicationDir.FullName, RomfsContainer));
             if (fsFile.Exists)
             {
-                var modData = modMetadata.Mods.Find(x => fsFile.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
+                var modData = modMetadata.Mods.FirstOrDefault(x => fsFile.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
                 var enabled = modData == null || modData.Enabled;
 
                 mods.RomfsContainers.Add(new Mod<FileInfo>($"<{applicationDir.Name} RomFs>", fsFile, enabled));
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             fsFile = new FileInfo(Path.Combine(applicationDir.FullName, ExefsContainer));
             if (fsFile.Exists)
             {
-                var modData = modMetadata.Mods.Find(x => fsFile.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
+                var modData = modMetadata.Mods.FirstOrDefault(x => fsFile.FullName.Contains(x.Path));
                 var enabled = modData == null || modData.Enabled;
 
                 mods.ExefsContainers.Add(new Mod<FileInfo>($"<{applicationDir.Name} ExeFs>", fsFile, enabled));
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
         }
 
         // Assumes searchDirPaths don't overlap
-        private static void CollectMods(Dictionary<ulong, ModCache> modCaches, PatchCache patches, params string[] searchDirPaths)
+        private static void CollectMods(Dictionary<ulong, ModCache> modCaches, PatchCache patches, params ReadOnlySpan<string> searchDirPaths)
         {
             static bool IsPatchesDir(string name) => StrEquals(AmsNsoPatchDir, name) ||
                                                      StrEquals(AmsNroPatchDir, name) ||
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             patches.Initialized = true;
         }
 
-        public void CollectMods(IEnumerable<ulong> applications, params string[] searchDirPaths)
+        public void CollectMods(IEnumerable<ulong> applications, params ReadOnlySpan<string> searchDirPaths)
         {
             Clear();
 
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             ApplyProgramPatches(nroPatches, 0, nro);
         }
 
-        internal bool ApplyNsoPatches(ulong applicationId, params IExecutable[] programs)
+        internal bool ApplyNsoPatches(ulong applicationId, params ReadOnlySpan<IExecutable> programs)
         {
             IEnumerable<Mod<DirectoryInfo>> nsoMods = _patches.NsoPatches;
 
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             }
         }
 
-        private static bool ApplyProgramPatches(IEnumerable<Mod<DirectoryInfo>> mods, int protectedOffset, params IExecutable[] programs)
+        private static bool ApplyProgramPatches(IEnumerable<Mod<DirectoryInfo>> mods, int protectedOffset, params ReadOnlySpan<IExecutable> programs)
         {
             int count = 0;
 
@@ -755,12 +755,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
                 patches[i] = new MemPatch();
             }
 
-            var buildIds = programs.Select(p => p switch
+            var buildIds = new List<string>(programs.Length);
+
+            foreach (IExecutable p in programs)
             {
-                NsoExecutable nso => Convert.ToHexString(nso.BuildId.ItemsRo.ToArray()).TrimEnd('0'),
-                NroExecutable nro => Convert.ToHexString(nro.Header.BuildId).TrimEnd('0'),
-                _ => string.Empty,
-            }).ToList();
+                var buildId = p switch
+                {
+                    NsoExecutable nso => Convert.ToHexString(nso.BuildId.ItemsRo.ToArray()).TrimEnd('0'),
+                    NroExecutable nro => Convert.ToHexString(nro.Header.BuildId).TrimEnd('0'),
+                    _ => string.Empty,
+                };
+                buildIds.Add(buildId);
+            }
 
             int GetIndex(string buildId) => buildIds.FindIndex(id => id == buildId); // O(n) but list is small
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Am/AppletAE/AllSystemAppletProxiesService/SystemAppletProxy/ISelfController.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletAE.AllSystemAppletProxiesService.SystemAppletProxy.Types;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
 using System;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletAE.AllSystemAppletProxiesService.SystemAppletProxy
 {
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletAE.AllSystemAppletProxiesService.Sys
         private KEvent _accumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent;
         private int _accumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEventHandle;
 
-        private readonly object _fatalSectionLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _fatalSectionLock = new();
         private int _fatalSectionCount;
 
         // TODO: Set this when the game goes in suspension (go back to home menu ect), we currently don't support that so we can keep it set to 0.

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Hid/HidDevices/NpadDevices.cs

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Hid
             return true;
         }
 
-        public void Configure(params ControllerConfig[] configs)
+        public void Configure(params ReadOnlySpan<ControllerConfig> configs)
         {
             _configuredTypes = new ControllerType[MaxControllers];
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Hid/HidDevices/TouchDevice.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Hid
     {
         public TouchDevice(Switch device, bool active) : base(device, active) { }
 
-        public void Update(params TouchPoint[] points)
+        public void Update(params ReadOnlySpan<TouchPoint> points)
         {
             ref RingLifo<TouchScreenState> lifo = ref _device.Hid.SharedMemory.TouchScreen;
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ldn/Types/NodeLatestUpdate.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.Types
 {
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.Types
 
     static class NodeLatestUpdateHelper
     {
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public static void CalculateLatestUpdate(this Array8<NodeLatestUpdate> array, Array8<NodeInfo> beforeNodes, Array8<NodeInfo> afterNodes)
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ldn/UserServiceCreator/LdnMitm/LanDiscovery.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.UserServiceCreator.LdnMitm
         private ILdnTcpSocket _tcp;
         private LdnProxyUdpServer _udp, _udp2;
         private readonly List<LdnProxyTcpSession> _stations = new();
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private readonly AutoResetEvent _apConnected = new(false);
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ldn/UserServiceCreator/LdnMitm/Proxy/LdnProxyUdpServer.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.UserServiceCreator.LdnMitm.Proxy
         private byte[] _buffer;
         private int _bufferEnd;
 
-        private readonly object _scanLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _scanLock = new();
 
         private Dictionary<ulong, NetworkInfo> _scanResultsLast = new();
         private Dictionary<ulong, NetworkInfo> _scanResults = new();

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ldn/UserServiceCreator/LdnRyu/NetworkTimeout.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.UserServiceCreator.LdnRyu
         private readonly Action _timeoutCallback;
         private CancellationTokenSource _cancel;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new object();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public NetworkTimeout(int idleTimeout, Action timeoutCallback)
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ldn/UserServiceCreator/LdnRyu/Proxy/EphemeralPortPool.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.UserServiceCreator.LdnRyu.Proxy
 {
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ldn.UserServiceCreator.LdnRyu.Proxy
 
         private readonly List<ushort> _ephemeralPorts = new List<ushort>();
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new object();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public ushort Get()
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nfc/Nfp/VirtualAmiibo.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp.NfpManager;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
 {
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
         {
             VirtualAmiiboFile virtualAmiiboFile = LoadAmiiboFile(amiiboId);
 
-            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Exists(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == applicationAreaId))
+            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Any(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == applicationAreaId))
             {
                 _openedApplicationAreaId = applicationAreaId;
 
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
         {
             VirtualAmiiboFile virtualAmiiboFile = LoadAmiiboFile(amiiboId);
 
-            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Exists(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == applicationAreaId))
+            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Any(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == applicationAreaId))
             {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
         {
             VirtualAmiiboFile virtualAmiiboFile = LoadAmiiboFile(amiiboId);
 
-            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Exists(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == _openedApplicationAreaId))
+            if (virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Any(item => item.ApplicationAreaId == _openedApplicationAreaId))
             {
                 for (int i = 0; i < virtualAmiiboFile.ApplicationAreas.Count; i++)
                 {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvHostCtrl/Types/NvHostEvent.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvHostCtrl
         private NvFence _previousFailingFence;
         private uint _failingCount;
 
-        public readonly object Lock = new();
+        public readonly Lock Lock = new();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Max failing count until waiting on CPU.

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvHostCtrl/Types/NvHostSyncPt.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvHostCtrl
 
         private readonly Switch _device;
 
-        private readonly object _syncpointAllocatorLock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _syncpointAllocatorLock = new();
 
         public NvHostSyncpt(Switch device)
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Sockets/Bsd/BsdContext.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Numerics;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Sockets.Bsd
 {
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Sockets.Bsd
     {
         private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<ulong, BsdContext> _registry = new();
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private readonly List<IFileDescriptor> _fds;
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ssl/BuiltInCertificateManager.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ssl
 {
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ssl
         private bool _initialized;
         private Dictionary<CaCertificateId, CertStoreEntry> _certificates;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         private struct CertStoreFileHeader
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/SurfaceFlinger/ConsumerBase.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger.Types;
 using System;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger
 {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger
 
         protected BufferQueueConsumer Consumer;
 
-        protected readonly object Lock = new();
+        protected readonly Lock Lock = new();
 
         private readonly IConsumerListener _listener;
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/SurfaceFlinger/HOSBinderDriverServer.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Threading;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger
 {
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger
 
         private static int _lastBinderId = 0;
 
-        private static readonly object _lock = new();
+        private static readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public static int RegisterBinderObject(IBinder binder)
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/SurfaceFlinger/SurfaceFlinger.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.SurfaceFlinger
         private int _swapInterval;
         private int _swapIntervalDelay;
 
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public long RenderLayerId { get; private set; }
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Time/TimeZone/TimeZoneManager.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Time.Clock;
 using System;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Time.TimeZone
 {
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Time.TimeZone
         private UInt128 _timeZoneRuleVersion;
         private uint _totalLocationNameCount;
         private SteadyClockTimePoint _timeZoneUpdateTimePoint;
-        private readonly object _lock = new();
+        private readonly Lock _lock = new();
 
         public TimeZoneManager()
         {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/ProcessLoaderHelper.cs

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             ulong programId,
             byte programIndex,
             byte[] arguments = null,
-            params IExecutable[] executables)
+            params ReadOnlySpan<IExecutable> executables)
         {
             context.Device.System.ServiceTable.WaitServicesReady();
 
@@ -251,12 +251,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             ulong codeStart = ((meta.Flags & 1) != 0 ? 0x8000000UL : 0x200000UL) + CodeStartOffset;
             uint codeSize = 0;
 
-            var buildIds = executables.Select(e => (e switch
+            var buildIds = new string[executables.Length];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < executables.Length; i++)
             {
-                NsoExecutable nso => Convert.ToHexString(nso.BuildId.ItemsRo.ToArray()),
-                NroExecutable nro => Convert.ToHexString(nro.Header.BuildId),
-                _ => string.Empty
-            }).ToUpper());
+                buildIds[i] = (executables[i] switch
+                {
+                    NsoExecutable nso => Convert.ToHexString(nso.BuildId.ItemsRo.ToArray()),
+                    NroExecutable nro => Convert.ToHexString(nro.Header.BuildId),
+                    _ => string.Empty
+                }).ToUpper();
+            }
 
             ulong[] nsoBase = new ulong[executables.Length];
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/PerformanceStatistics.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Timers;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE
@@ -20,12 +21,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE
         private readonly long[] _framesRendered;
         private readonly double[] _percentTime;
 
-        private readonly object[] _frameLock;
-        private readonly object[] _percentLock;
+        private readonly Lock[] _frameLock = [new()];
+        private readonly Lock[] _percentLock = [new()];
 
         private readonly double _ticksToSeconds;
 
-        private readonly Timer _resetTimer;
+        private readonly System.Timers.Timer _resetTimer;
 
         public PerformanceStatistics()
         {
@@ -41,10 +42,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE
             _framesRendered = new long[1];
             _percentTime = new double[1];
 
-            _frameLock = new[] { new object() };
-            _percentLock = new[] { new object() };
-
-            _resetTimer = new Timer(750);
+            _resetTimer = new(750);
 
             _resetTimer.Elapsed += ResetTimerElapsed;
             _resetTimer.AutoReset = true;

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Ryujinx.HLE.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <RuntimeIdentifiers>win-x64;osx-x64;linux-x64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>

src/Ryujinx.Horizon.Common/Ryujinx.Horizon.Common.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
     <DefaultItemExcludes>$(DefaultItemExcludes);._*</DefaultItemExcludes>
   </PropertyGroup>